This mutation is believed to be acquired, meaning it develops after birth.

The mutation that leads to chronic myelogenous leukemia isn't passed from parents to children. Radiation exposure, such as radiation therapy for certain types of cancer.Risk factorsДЇactors that increase the risk of chronic myelogenous leukemia: The diseased white blood cells build up in huge numbers, crowding out healthy blood cells and damaging the bone marrow. The diseased white blood cells don't grow and die like normal cells. Most or all of these cells contain the abnormal Philadelphia chromosome. The tyrosine kinase caused by the BCR-ABL gene allows too many white blood cells to grow. In chronic myelogenous leukemia, this process doesn't work properly. These cells then mature and specialize into the various types of blood cells that circulate in your body - red cells, white cells and platelets. When your bone marrow functions normally, it produces immature cells (blood stem cells) in a controlled way. Your blood cells originate in the bone marrow, a spongy material inside your bones. The new gene allows too many diseased blood cells Tyrosine kinase promotes cancer by allowing certain blood cells to grow out of control. The BCR-ABL gene contains instructions that tell the abnormal blood cell to produce too much of a protein called tyrosine kinase. Genes from chromosome 9 combine with genes from chromosome 22 to create a new gene called BCR-ABL. The Philadelphia chromosome creates a new gene. The abnormal chromosome creates a new gene The Philadelphia chromosome is present in the blood cells of 90 percent of people with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

The extra-short chromosome 22 is called the Philadelphia chromosome, named for the city where it was discovered. A section of chromosome 9 switches places with a section of chromosome 22, creating an extra-short chromosome 22 and an extra-long chromosome 9. In people with chronic myelogenous leukemia, the chromosomes in the blood cells swap sections with each other. These chromosomes hold the DNA that contains the instructions (genes) that control the cells in your body. Human cells normally contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. It's not clear what initially sets off this process, but doctors have discovered how it progresses into chronic myelogenous leukemia. This creates an abnormally small chromosome 22 and a new combination of instructions for your cells that can lead to the development of chronic myelogenous leukemia.Д¬hronic myelogenous leukemia occurs when something goes awry in the genes of your bone marrow cells.

The Philadelphia chromosome forms when chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 break and exchange portions. Your cells each contain 23 pairs of chromosomes that are made of DNA and hold the instructions for every cell in your body. An abnormal chromosome called the Philadelphia chromosome is associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

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